An Overview for Tumor Detection and Segmentation from Brain Magnetic Resonance Image

Abstract

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is widely used to detect and evaluate various brain conditions, including bleeding, abnormalities, infections, vascular disorders, and tumors. In particular, MRI plays a significant role in the initial identification of brain tumors. When an MRI scan indicates the presence of a tumor, further investigations are conducted to determine its type, location, and extent through tumor segmentation and analysis. A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells within the brain or spinal cord that can interfere with normal neurological functions. Brain tumors may be classified according to their cellular characteristics and whether they are benign or malignant. Accurate identification and segmentation of tumor tissue from normal brain tissue remains a challenging task in clinical diagnosis. This study reviews various traditional and emerging techniques for brain tumor detection and segmentation reported between 2020 and 2025. Finally, an assessment of recent innovative approaches for brain tumor detection and segmentation is presented.